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Knowledge Bankनॉलेज बैंक · Accounting BasicsAccounting Basics · Chapter 39 of 41चैप्टर 39 / 41

GST BasicsGST Basics

OverviewOverview

GST is a destination-based tax applied at each stage of the supply chain. You collect it on sales and offset it against GST paid on purchases; the difference is paid to the government.

GST एक destination-based tax है जो supply chain के हर stage पर लगता है। आप इसे sales पर collect करते हैं और purchases पर चुकाए GST के सामने offset करते हैं; अंतर सरकार को pay किया जाता है।

Why it mattersयह क्यों ज़रूरी है
GST runs through every invoice, e-Invoice, 2B match and return in the software — these concepts underpin all of it.software में GST हर invoice, e-Invoice, 2B match और return से होकर गुज़रता है — ये concepts उन सबका आधार हैं।
In detail

GST Payable = Output GST (on sales) − Input GST / ITC (on purchases).

Key points
  • CGST + SGST on intra-state sales (18% = 9% + 9%); IGST on inter-state; CESS on notified goods.
  • Dealer types: Regular (files returns, charges slab rates), Unregistered (below ₹40L goods / ₹20L services), Composition (small; 1–6%, can't collect tax or claim ITC).
  • GST 2.0: from 22 Sep 2025 the old 12% and 28% slabs were scrapped — most goods now fall in 0%, 5% or 18%, with a special 40% rate on sin/luxury goods.
SlabTypical goods (post-Sep 2025)
0%Milk, eggs, fresh fruit & veg, unbranded grain
5%Most daily-use goods — edible oil, tea, coffee, soaps, toothpaste, packaged food
18%Most other goods & services — electronics, computers, small cars
40%Sin / luxury goods — tobacco, pan masala, aerated drinks, large luxury cars
ReturnWhat / when
GSTR-1Outward sales — 11th monthly / 13th quarterly
GSTR-2BAuto ITC statement — 14th
GSTR-3BSummary + tax paid — 20th monthly
GSTR-4 / CMP-08Composition — annual / quarterly
विस्तार से

GST Payable = Output GST (sales पर) − Input GST / ITC (purchases पर)।

Key points
  • intra-state sales पर CGST + SGST (18% = 9% + 9%); inter-state पर IGST; notified goods पर CESS।
  • Dealer types: Regular (returns file करता है, slab rates charge करता है), Unregistered (₹40L goods / ₹20L services से नीचे), Composition (छोटे; 1–6%, tax collect नहीं कर सकते और ITC claim नहीं कर सकते)।
  • GST 2.0: 22 Sep 2025 से पुराने 12% और 28% slabs हटा दिए गए — अब ज़्यादातर goods 0%, 5% या 18% में आते हैं, sin/luxury goods पर एक खास 40% rate के साथ।
Slabसामान्य goods (Sep 2025 के बाद)
0%दूध, अंडे, ताज़े फल-सब्ज़ी, unbranded अनाज
5%ज़्यादातर रोज़मर्रा के goods — edible oil, चाय, coffee, साबुन, toothpaste, packaged food
18%ज़्यादातर बाकी goods & services — electronics, computers, small cars
40%Sin / luxury goods — तंबाकू, pan masala, aerated drinks, बड़ी luxury cars
Returnक्या / कब
GSTR-1Outward sales — 11th monthly / 13th quarterly
GSTR-2BAuto ITC statement — 14th
GSTR-3BSummary + tax paid — 20th monthly
GSTR-4 / CMP-08Composition — annual / quarterly
Common questionsआम सवाल
When is it CGST+SGST vs IGST?CGST+SGST कब और IGST कब?
CGST+SGST on a sale within your state; IGST on a sale to another state. MarwariPlus decides this automatically from the party's state.
अपने state के भीतर sale पर CGST+SGST; दूसरे state को sale पर IGST। MarwariPlus यह party के state से अपने-आप तय करता है।
How is GST payable worked out?GST payable कैसे निकलता है?
Output GST (on sales) − Input GST / ITC (on purchases) = GST payable.
Output GST (sales पर) − Input GST / ITC (purchases पर) = GST payable।
Have the slabs changed?क्या slabs बदले हैं?
Yes — from 22 Sep 2025 (GST 2.0) the 12% and 28% slabs were dropped; most goods are now 0/5/18% with 40% on sin/luxury goods.
हाँ — 22 Sep 2025 (GST 2.0) से 12% और 28% slabs हटा दिए गए; अब ज़्यादातर goods 0/5/18% हैं, sin/luxury goods पर 40% के साथ।
Self Test · for support trainingSelf Test · support training के लिए
Not attemptedअभी नहीं किया

3 quick questions — pick an answer to see if it's right and why. For team practice; it doesn't affect your progress.3 छोटे सवाल — कोई answer चुनें और देखें सही है या नहीं, और क्यों। Team practice के लिए; इससे आपकी progress पर कोई असर नहीं पड़ता।

Q1.A sale to a customer in another state attracts…दूसरे state के customer को sale पर लगता है…

Answer:जवाब: Inter-state → IGST; intra-state → CGST+SGST. Inter-state → IGST; intra-state → CGST+SGST।

Q2.GST payable equals…GST payable बराबर है…

Answer:जवाब: Output tax on sales minus input credit on purchases. sales पर output tax minus purchases पर input credit।

Q3.After GST 2.0 (Sep 2025), the main slabs are…GST 2.0 (Sep 2025) के बाद, मुख्य slabs हैं…

Answer:जवाब: 12% and 28% were removed; 40% applies to sin/luxury goods. 12% और 28% हटा दिए गए; 40% sin/luxury goods पर लागू होता है।
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Accounting ConceptsAccounting Concepts
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TDS, TCS, e-Invoice & e-Way BillTDS, TCS, e-Invoice & e-Way Bill