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Part 1Part 1 · Basic Trainingबेसिक ट्रेनिंग · Chapter 9 of 41चैप्टर 9 / 41

Profit & LossProfit & Loss

How to reach itAccounting tab›Financial Accounting›Profit/Loss
इसे कहाँ पाएँAccounting tab›Financial Accounting›Profit/Loss
OverviewOverview

The Profit & Loss statement shows income against expenses over a period and the resulting net profit or loss.

Profit & Loss statement ek period ke income ko expenses ke against dikhata hai aur usse nikalne wala net profit ya loss batata hai.

Why it mattersयह क्यों ज़रूरी है
The straight answer to “are we making money, and where is it going.”Seedha jawab ki “kya hum paisa kama rahe hain, aur woh ja kahan raha hai.”
In detail

The Profit & Loss statement adds up all your income and subtracts all your expenses for a period, and shows the net profit or loss. It reads in two parts: the Trading portion works out gross profit (Sales − Cost of Goods Sold), then indirect expenses (rent, salaries, etc.) are taken off to give the net figure.

Because every ledger's group decides where it lands here, a correct chart of accounts (Part 1 → Ledgers, Setup → Ledger Groups) is what makes the P&L come out right — no extra work needed.

Step by step
  1. Open it — Accounting tab → Financial Accounting → Profit/Loss (a two-sided T-Format Profit/Loss is also available).
  2. Set the period — by default it opens from the 1st of the current month; set the report's start to ‘Financial Year Start Date’ in Report Date Setting if you want the full year every time.
  3. Choose Summarized or Detailed (the Detailed choice appears when the Control Room feature ‘Default Nature of Final Accounts’ is set to Detailed).
  4. Read the net profit / loss; double-click any line to drill into the group, ledger and vouchers.
Example
Are we in profit this month? Open P&L for the month: Sales ₹8,00,000 − Cost of Goods ₹6,00,000 = ₹2,00,000 gross; less rent + salaries ₹1,20,000 = ₹80,000 net profit. Double-click ‘Salaries’ to see the entries.
Tip
A wrong figure almost always traces to a ledger in the wrong group — fix the ledger's group and the P&L corrects itself.
Technical details · for support

Report defaults:

  1. Default period / hidden filters: Report Date Setting → Profit/Loss.
  2. Detailed style missing? Control Room → ‘Default Nature of Final Accounts’ → Detailed.
Detail mein

Profit & Loss statement ek period ke saare income ko jodti hai aur saare expenses ko ghatati hai, aur net profit ya loss dikhati hai. Ye do hisson mein padhi jaati hai: Trading portion gross profit nikalta hai (Sales − Cost of Goods Sold), phir indirect expenses (rent, salaries, waghairah) ghata kar net figure milta hai.

Kyunki har ledger ka group ye tay karta hai ki woh yahan kahan aayega, ek sahi chart of accounts (Part 1 → Ledgers, Setup → Ledger Groups) hi P&L ko sahi banata hai — koi extra kaam nahi.

Step by step
  1. Isko kholein — Accounting tab → Financial Accounting → Profit/Loss (ek do-taraf wala T-Format Profit/Loss bhi available hai).
  2. Period set karein — by default ye current month ki 1st se khulta hai; agar aapko har baar poora saal chahiye to Report Date Setting mein report ka start ‘Financial Year Start Date’ par set karein.
  3. Summarized ya Detailed chunein (Detailed option tab dikhta hai jab Control Room feature ‘Default Nature of Final Accounts’ Detailed par set ho).
  4. Net profit / loss padhein; kisi bhi line par double-click karke group, ledger aur vouchers tak drill karein.
Example
Kya is mahine profit mein hain? Month ka P&L kholein: Sales ₹8,00,000 − Cost of Goods ₹6,00,000 = ₹2,00,000 gross; usme se rent + salaries ₹1,20,000 ghata kar = ₹80,000 net profit. ‘Salaries’ par double-click karke entries dekhein.
Tip
Galat figure lagbhag hamesha kisi ledger ke galat group mein hone se aata hai — ledger ka group theek karein aur P&L khud sahi ho jaata hai.
Technical details · for support

Report defaults:

  1. Default period / hidden filters: Report Date Setting → Profit/Loss.
  2. Detailed style missing? Control Room → ‘Default Nature of Final Accounts’ → Detailed.
Common questionsआम सवाल
A figure on the P&L looks wrong.P&L par koi figure galat lag raha hai.
It almost always traces to a ledger in the wrong group — fix the ledger's group and the P&L corrects itself.
Ye lagbhag hamesha kisi ledger ke galat group mein hone se aata hai — ledger ka group theek karein aur P&L khud sahi ho jaata hai.
The P&L opens for the wrong period.P&L galat period ke liye khulta hai.
By default it opens from the 1st of the current month. Set the report's start to ‘Financial Year Start Date’ in Report Date Setting for the full year.
By default ye current month ki 1st se khulta hai. Poore saal ke liye Report Date Setting mein report ka start ‘Financial Year Start Date’ par set karein.
The Detailed style isn't offered.Detailed style nahi mil raha.
It appears when the Control Room feature ‘Default Nature of Final Accounts’ is set to Detailed.
Ye tab dikhta hai jab Control Room feature ‘Default Nature of Final Accounts’ Detailed par set ho.
Self Test · for support trainingSelf Test · support training के लिए
Not attemptedअभी नहीं किया

3 quick questions — pick an answer to see if it's right and why. For team practice; it doesn't affect your progress.3 छोटे सवाल — कोई answer चुनें और देखें सही है या नहीं, और क्यों। Team practice के लिए; इससे आपकी progress पर कोई असर नहीं पड़ता।

Q1.Gross profit in the Trading section is…Trading section mein gross profit hai…

Answer:जवाब: Trading = Sales − Cost of Goods Sold; indirect expenses are then taken off for net profit. Trading = Sales − Cost of Goods Sold; phir indirect expenses ghata kar net profit milta hai.

Q2.A wrong P&L figure usually means…Galat P&L figure ka matlab aksar…

Answer:जवाब: The P&L is built from ledger groups — fix the group and it corrects itself. P&L ledger groups se banti hai — group theek karein aur ye khud sahi ho jaati hai.

Q3.By default the P&L opens for…By default P&L khulta hai…

Answer:जवाब: It defaults to the 1st of the current month unless you set the FY start in Report Date Setting. Ye current month ki 1st par default hota hai jab tak aap Report Date Setting mein FY start set na karein.
‹ Previous‹ पिछला
Stock & Item LedgerStock & Item Ledger
Next ›अगला ›
Balance SheetBalance Sheet